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APNOTE 121 – An exploration of the effects of induced field current at the time of crowbar circuit trigger during shutdown of the excitation system.
APNOTE 122 – Replaced with EX-CROWBAR
APNOTE 123 – Retrofit options for an EMD Vickers Exciter System with a Basler SSE static excitation system.
APNOTE 124 – Replaced with EX-GTURB1
APNOTE 125 – An overview of the problems and solutions to optimize synchronous motors using fixed dc power excitations systems for improved var control.
APNOTE 126 – Tips for minimizing problems with voltage regulator paralleling circuits.
APNOTE 127 – Replaced with EX-D200P3 (8/06)
EX-ALT1 – Updating Alterrex voltage regulator system with Basler’s DECS-300 improves control to achieve maximum reliability.
EX-ALT2 -Dual DECS-400 system and “drop-in” convection-cooled rectifier bridges for existing Alterrex water-cooled bridges
EX-ALT3 -Comparison of Alterrex system response using Alterrex output power vs an external station power source
EX-ALT_BRDG – Convection-cooled DECS-400 retrofit solutions for the water-cooled Alterrex main field stationary bridges
EX-AMP1 – Retrofit options for continuously-acting voltage regulator/excitation systems, such as the Amplidyne with the DECS-300.
EX-BJ30-1 – Retrofitting a vintage BJ-30 excitation system with the DECS-300 can improve performance and serviceability.
EX-BRDG1 - A DECS-300 system was used to upgrade a Siemens Allis excitation system on a large hydro machine by replacing the voltage regulator, firing circuit and gate amplifier boards while retaining the original power rectifier bridges, power potential transformer and dc field breaker.
EX-BRUSHLESS - This Application Note offers a lower cost and speedier alternative to the "OEM" replacement solution for aging power semiconductor modules on Brushless rotating exciters. For more information on the topic, see the Technical Paper, New Solutions for Brushless Exciter Rectifying Modules Reduce Downtime During Overhaul or review the Rotating Diode Exciter Module FAQs.
EX-BRUSHLESS2 - Mark III - This Application Note offers a lower cost and speedier alternative to the "OEM" replacement solution for aging power semiconductor Mark III modules on Brushless rotating exciters.For more information on the topic, see the Technical Paper, New Solutions for Brushless Exciter Rectifying Modules Reduce Downtime During Overhaul or review the Rotating Diode Exciter Module FAQs.
EX-BRUSHLESS3 - Mark II - This Application Note offers a lower cost and speedier alternative to the "OEM" replacement solution for aging power semiconductor Mark II modules on Brushless rotating exciters.For more information on the topic, see the Technical Paper, New Solutions for Brushless Exciter Rectifying Modules Reduce Downtime During Overhaul or review the Rotating Diode Exciter Module FAQs.
EX-BUSFED - This Application Note addresses a retrofit solution where a GE Bus Fed static exciter was upgraded with a new DECS-400 digital excitation system including a new digital firing circuit and gate amplifier board.
EX-COMPMOT - A power plant replaces obsolete compound excitation system with new static exciter bus fed system featuring the DECS-300.
EX-CROWBAR - Use of a crowbar scheme to replace the dc breaker will reduce upgrade costs and maintenance requirements, while increasing generator availability, and minimizing damage potential due to winding faults.
EX-D200N1 - DECS-200N Negative Field Forcing Capability Offers Tuning Advantages for Rotating Exciter Systems. For more information on negative field forcing voltage regulators and power system stabilizers, see the technical paper "Suitability of Excitation Systems for PSS Applications" from the Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2003
EX-D200P3 - The Redundant DECS-200 pre-packaged retrofit solution is discussed for use on small to medium size synchronous machines having either brush or brushless type rotating exciters. The Redundant DECS-200 offers the advantage of two digital controllers that communicate via parallel ports to maintain the generator output voltage via the field of the exciter. For more information on system upgrades and retrofits, see the technical paper "Xcel Energy Northern Region Experience with Excitation System Upgrades and Retrofits" from the EPRI Steam Turbine-Generator Workshop, August, 2005.
EX-D200SILV - Basler Electric offers the DECS-200 family of digitally-controlled voltage regulator systems designed to provide years of reliable service in replacement of Westinghouse Silverstat voltage regulators.
EX-D200SRA - Basler offers the DECS-200 family of digitally-controlled voltage regulator systems designed to provide years of reliable service in replacement of SR4A and SR8A voltage regulators, for generators ranging from 250 kW to 7 MVA.
EX-D200VR - Basler Electric offers the DECS-200 family of digitally-controlled voltage regulator systems designed to provide years of reliable service in replacement of Electric Machinery VR voltage regulators.
EX-D3001 – A demonstration of how digital excitation control with the DECS-300 can offer improved voltage recovery time over existing analog solid state systems.
EX-DECSLOS - This Application Note addresses a loss of sensing voltage condition and how it affects voltage regulator operation. The focus of this Application Note is how the DECS Family of excitation systems' Loss of Sensing Voltage protection and additional features work together to manage the loss of sensing voltage condition.
EX-DIAC1 - Basler’s digital excitation retrofit solution with the DECS-300 that improves maintainability and performance when replacing the "Diactor"
EX-GFA1 – Basler Electric offers digital solutions to retrofit the obsolete GFA-4 indirect-acting voltage regulator with the DECS-300.
New! EX-GTURB1 - Basler offers integrated retrofit packages for Pratt & Whitney, Westinghouse 251/501, and General Electric Frame 5 gas turbines
EX-MAG1 – An exploration of the options available when replacing a mag-a-stat voltage regulator used with a Rototrol exciter with a DECS-300.
EX-MAVR1 -Addresses the benefits of replacing the BRUSH model MAVR voltage regulator with a Basler Electric model DECS-200.
EX-MUNI - An exploration of the challenges municipal utilities face when deciding to repair or replace an existing excitation system, plus an evaluation of the benefits of the DECS-300 Digital Excitation Control System.
EX-NSH1 – Digital excitation solutions for static exciter retrofit with the DECS-300 - Nanshan China project.
EX-PSS1 - Solutions utilizing voltage regulator adjustment or a power system stabilizer for power plant stability and oscillation problems.
EX-PSS2 - The features of the PSS-100 Power System Stabilizer, a dual input device that measures both frequency (compensated frequency) and electrical power, reduce the time required to tune a power system stabilizer. The PSS-100 also has additional features to quickly calibrate the power system stabilizer to meet varying site conditions with multiple settings combinations.
EX-POR1 – Basler Electric offers new solution to obsolete Portec exciters with the DECS-300.
EX-POR2 - Basler offers retrofit kit utilizing DECS-400 for Portec Static Exciter System
EX-PUMP - The excitation requirements addressed by a DECS-300 subpanel or complete cabinet replacement for pump/generate units that include the rotating exciter.
EX-REP - 16 reasons to replace rotating exciters with digital static exciters.
EX-RETRO - Basler Electric offers a full range of options to upgrade or replace an existing voltage regulator or entire excitation system with pre-engineered and packaged pan chassis and cubicle options. Power system stabilizer replacement also is an option. For more information on system upgrades and retrofits, see the technical paper "Xcel Energy Northern Region Experience with Excitation System Upgrades and Retrofits" from the EPRI Steam Turbine-Generator Workshop, August, 2005.
EX-RETRO2 - This Application Note walks through the processes involved in a turnkey project to replace an existing excitation system with a new digital unit and explores the factors involved in a retrofit project.
EX-SCT1 – Retrofit options for SCT/PPT voltage regulators with the DECS-300.
EX-SEMICOND – Testing and maintaining power semiconductors for system reliability.
EX-SEMICOND2 – Semiconductor tester provides improved method of diagnosing semiconductor failure.
EX-SEMICOND3 – M3K Semiconductor Tester provides benefits for electrostatic precipitator maintenance
EX-SIEM1 - DECS-300 retrofit solutions for Siemens Allis static exciters
EX-SILCO1- DECS-400 offers two options for replacing aging SILCO system
EX-SILV1 – Basler Electric offers prepackaged excitation system including the DECS-300 to replace Silverstat Regulator.
EX-SSE1 - SSE analog conversion to digital with the DECS-400 saves cost of power bridge replacement
EX-TRIN1 – Basler Electric provides new solution to aging Trinistat excitation systems with the DECS-300.
EX-WTA1 - DECS-400 offers solutions for replacing aging WTA system
Application Notes on Basler Protection and Control Devices
PC-2501 – An explanation of the modifications to the F5 module of the BE1-25A, which broaden the automatic synchronizer's functionality and simplify the specification process.
PC-2502 – Understanding and applying the sync check (25) phase angle compensation in Basler numeric relays.
PC-275901 - A clarification of how the BE1-27/59 relay works and the meaning of the NC versus NO contacts of the 27 element to aid in the ordering of the correct relay.
PC-3201 – An overview of the general principles and conventions behind the operation of the BE1-32 Directional Power family of relays, plus the characteristics and var sensing.
PC-5051B - An exploration of the solutions the BE1-50/51B provides to the problems of aging electromechanical IAC- and CO-type relays as a plug-and-play replacement. For Basler’s other retrofit options - see the Upgrade Experts section.
PC-50BF1 - An example of setting the timing functions and also addressing breaker failure protection and the proper application of the Basler BE1-50BF relay.
PC-51Q01 - A technical discussion of the consideration on applying negative sequence overcurrent elements (specifically the BE1-851 Overcurrent Protection System).
PC-59N01 - A discussion of how system neutral voltages shift during ground faults on high impedance grounded systems, the use of relays that monitor broken delta VTs (available in the BE1-59N and the Vx function of the BE1-951, BE1-1051, BE1-IPS100 and BE1-GPS100) verses relays that calculate 3Vo from the phase to neutral voltages (all the aforementioned Basler Numeric Relays). A Mathcad™ file (59N_R1.MCD) also is downloadable that analyzes the example circuit in the Application
Note: You must have the Mathcad software installed to utilize this file.
PC-79A01 – Basler BE1-79A RS contact function emulates that of an ACR reclosing relay and provides application options. For Basler’s other retrofit options - see the Upgrade Experts section.
PC-8101 – A clarification of the operation of the undervoltage inhibit function of BE1-81O/U Digital Frequency Relays.
PC-87T01 – An exploration of the timing characteristics of the BE1-87T relay.
Basler also offers spreadsheets that allows users of the BE1-87T relay to calculate settings for their relay.
PC-87T02 – An exploration of the use of targets and internal phase shifting in a BE1-87T relay.
PC-95101 - Ideas to implement intertripping with directional overcurrent protection schemes and specifically with the BESTLogic in the BE1-951, similarly as it has been done in the past with distance relays.
PC-95102 - An example of how to detect high side fuse operations on a delta-wye transformer with a multifunction numerical relay, such as the BE1-951 and BE1-1051 Multifunction Protection Systems. A BESTCOMS file (S) also is downloadable. It shows the settings for this scheme. Note: You must have the BESTCOMS software installed to utilize this file.
For more information on this topic, see , A Practical Guide for Detecting Single-Phasing on a Three-Phase Power System
PC-ArcFlash - Several opportunities are available to use relays for the mitigation of arc flash hazards. The goal is to achieve fault clearing within 10 cycles, and most of the techniques can provide that clearing time without compromising selectivity. For more information on the topic, see Technical Paper - Arc Flash Mitigation Through Use Of Voltage Controlled/Voltage Restrained Overcurrent Elements
For details on how the BE1-50/51B-235 and 237 can help meet NESC Arc Flash requirements, see the Plug and Play Feature Flyer.
PC-BUS01 - Three methods for mixing different ratio CTs in high impedance bus protection schemes using the Basler BE1-87B as an example
For more information on bus protection relaying see - Bus Protective Relaying, Methods and Application
PC-CASES -A discussion of Basler relay functionality, case size and dimension to determine suitable for replacement of older electromechanical relays. For Basler’s other retrofit options - see the Upgrade Experts section.
PC-CDS01 – The BE1-CDS220 has a unique aid for identifying incorrect differential connections or settings before an incorrect operation occurs. Basler also offers spreadsheets that allows users of the BE1-CDS220 relay to calculate settings for their relay.
PC-CDS04 - Numeric multifunction relays like the BE1-CDS40 and BE1-851 fit in existing panel cutouts for transformer differential and overcurrent relays, upgrading existing protection without the need for large scale capital projects, saving time and money.
PC-COM01 – Basic instructions for setting up HyperTerminal and Terminal for Windows 3.1® for use with numerical multifunction relays.
PC-GPS01 - Generator Reverse Power Protection (32) Replacement Opportunities (GE Type GGP-53C and ABB Type CW) offer additional protection from Loss of Prime Mover
PC-IAC66K - BE1-50/51B-230 replaces electro-mechanical overcurrent motor protection relay type IAC66K with no wiring changes. For Basler’s other retrofit options - see the Upgrade Experts section.
PC-IPS01 - An under frequency load shedding protection solution that meets NPCC regulatory change in the Northeastern United States.
PC-Recloser - Basler numeric relays offer better coordination for recloser through use of the Type "P" curve. The accompanying downloadable Excel™ workbook (Recloser.xls) shows the results of the suggested coefficients for each recloser curve.
PC-RTF_COMPARE - Instructions for an easy way to quickly and accurately compare two numeric relay settings files using BESTCOMS and Microsoft® Word.
Application Notes on Basler Regulation and Systems Control Products
RSC-ICRM - Inrush Current Reduction Module (ICRM) is specially designed for PWM type voltage regulators that will be applied to applications that may result in undesirable inrush current levels when energized.
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